Immunosenescence — Weaker Immune System of the Elderly Explained
Figure 1. Diversity and clonal selection in the human T-cell receptor repertoire [1] Key Points 1. T-Cell Receptor Diversity: As we age, T-cell receptor diversity declines due to shrinking thymus function. Thymus involution (thymus shrinkage) leads to fewer new T cells. 2. Immunosenescence: Immunosenescence refers to the age-related weakening of the immune system. It includes: Accumulation of dysfunctional memory T cells. Shortened telomeres (reduced cell lifespan). Impaired immune regulation. 3. Overall Changes: Aging results in: Weaker immune responses to new infections and vaccines. A shift toward inflammation. Increased susceptibility to autoimmune diseases, cancers, infections, and other age-related conditions. 4. Potential Solutions: Biomarkers (like CXCL9) can help identify individuals at risk for immunosenescence. Dietary interventions (such as prolonged fasting cycles) may alleviate immunosenescence. 5. COVID-19 and Aging: Older individuals are more...