Travel to Health

An estimated 10 to 15% of all adults aged over 60 have some degree of  osteoarthritis  (OA), with prevalence higher among women than men . According to the United Nations, by 2050, people aged over 60 will account for more than 20% of the world’s population. Figure 1.   Synovial fluid (By  Madhero88 ) Osteoarthritis (OA) Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease of the articular joints with progressive nature involving the synovium , articular cartilage , and subchondral bone (see Figure 1 ).  It is characterized by the breakdown of cartilage, joint lining, ligaments, and underlying bone . It typically involves an entire joint, with the most commonly affected joints being the hips, knees, hands, and spine .  Common manifestations of OA are stiffness and pain . There are a variety of risk factors for OA, including: [3]   High-impact sports Obesity The risk of suffering osteoarthritis can be decreased with weight loss.  This reduction of ...

Denatured type II collagen  (UC-II) appears to exert joint-health benefits by  oral tolerance , based on pre-clinical research. [1] Figure 1 .  Gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) are MALT located in gut Image Source: DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01701-2015 Oral Tolerance Oral tolerance  is an  immune process  the body uses to distinguish between  Innocuous compounds and e.g., dietary proteins, intestinal bacteria Harmful foreign invaders It takes place in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue ( GALT ). The GALT is mostly made up of mesenteric lymph nodes and patches of lymphoid tissue  neighboring the small intestine  ( Peyer’s patches ).  [2] Peyer’s patches take in and screen compounds from the gut lumen and, depending on the compound, switch the body’s immune response on or off.  Gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) is a component of the  mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue  (MALT) which works in the  immune system  ...