🧬 10 Hallmarks of Cancer — Quick Guide
Figure 1. Fighting 10 hallmarks of cancer with diet 10 Hallmarks of Cancer 1. Sustaining proliferative signaling Cancer cells generate their own growth signals—or respond continuously to external ones—resulting in uncontrolled cell division. In contrast, normal cells depend on specific growth factors and tightly regulate when they proliferate. 2. Evading growth suppressors Cancer cells ignore or disable the signals that normally halt cell growth and division, often through mutations in tumor‑suppressor genes such as TP53 or RB. This effectively removes the brakes on proliferation. 3. Resisting cell death Cancer cells avoid programmed cell death (apoptosis) and other death pathways by upregulating anti‑apoptotic proteins like BCL‑2 or blocking death‑receptor signaling. Normal cells undergo apoptosis when damaged or no longer needed. 4. Enabling replicative immortality Cancer cells achieve unlimited replicative potential by activating telomerase or alternativ...