Travel to Health

The below scattered charts were drawn with: x-axis : Confirmed Cases per million (Total) y-axis : Deaths per million (Total)  based on the data from [1].  Note that only the top 50 countries with the highest deaths per million are used in the chart. Based on a comparison of coronavirus deaths in 206 countries relative to their population, Peru had the most losses to COVID-19 up until September 17, 2021. As of the same date, the virus had infected over 227 million people worldwide, and the number of deaths had totaled more than 4.6 million. Chart 1.  Scattered chart (x: confirmed cases and y: deaths; Source: [1]) Chart 1 In chart 1, only three countries stand out: USA Brazil Peru Among the three countries, Peru suffered the highest death rate vs confirmed cases, which may be due to combinations of reasons.  For example, Poorer healthcare system More immune-comprised population However, based on [2], Peru's confirmed cases are likely underestimated, which it means tha...

 On 09/02/2021, Professor Akiko Iwasaki has shared her insights on answering the below question: [4] The roles of antibodies vs. T cells in controlling primary infection, reinfection, and vaccine-mediated protection? Figure 1.   COVID-19 vaccines immune activation modes (Source: [5]) Summary of Professor Akiko Iwasaki's Comments Q: If B cells are needed to control primary infection A:  B cells are not necessary for controlling primary SARS-CoV-2 infection.   However, in mice that have neither T cells nor B cells, SARS-CoV-2 persisted with no sign of clearance. Thus, innate immunity is insufficient, and adaptive immunity is required to control primary infection . Which implies that defects in T and B cell immunity predispose people for chronic COVID infection Q: If CD4 (helper) vs. CD8 (killer) T cells are required for clearance of primary SARS-CoV-2 infection A:  Depletion of either CD4 or CD8 had moderate effects on loss of viral control.  How...

It is clear from this [4]  and other studies that the immune response in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19 is  characterized by  lymphopenia  and the expression of molecules associated with ongoing inflammation , [5]  whereas these same molecules are expressed at a lower level in people with mild or moderate disease. Figure 1.   Immune responses to COVID-19 infection (source: [4]) a) Higher IFN-α in in people with severe disease (cf. moderate disease) b) Higher expression of IFN-λ only in people with severe disease c) Level of TNF-α (a inflammation-promoting cytokine) correlated with viral load in the nasal passages d) Viral load declined over time in people with moderate disease (cf. severe disease) e) IL-5 upregulated as people developed severe disease (cf. moderate disease) f) Levels of CD4 and CD8 T cells were lower in people with moderate or severe disease (cf. healthy controls) Immune Responses to COVID-19 Infection A dysregulated immune...

The main problem with severe COVID-19 infection is the inflammatory response leading to intubation; a more severe inflammatory response can lead to low blood pressure and multisystem organ failure. Altered Immune Signature Linked to Long-Covid Most people with Covid-19 recover within two weeks. Some, as reported in [15], with so-called  Long Covid  (symptoms lasting longer than three weeks), continue to experience excessive fatigue, breathlessness, headache, insomnia, muscle fatigue and pains, chest pains, persistent cough, intermittent fevers and brain fog.  The  study  finds about  10%  had symptoms  for a month , with between  1.5 and 2%  after  three months . The  median age  of those with  Long Covid  is  45 , and  women are more likely to be affected . In a study, scientists in University of Manchester have discovered that, significantly, an immune signature associated with long-Covid patient...

In [1], scientists use a machine learning approach to identify potential bioactive anti-COVID-19 molecules in foods. Top-Ranked Hyperfoods to Fight COVID-19 Using a network-based machine learning method, scientists have shown that certain plant-based foods such as: Berries Cruciferous vegetables Apples Citrus fruits Onions Garlic Beans are most enriched in terms of the diversity and relative abundance of bioactive molecules targeting the SARS-CoV-2- human interactome . For instance, blackcurrant is the top-ranked food source, which has the below phytochemical profile : alpha-tocopherol arachidonic acid catechol cinnamaldehyde coumarin kaempferol  quercetin  quercetin 3-rutinoside  myricetin  n-butanoate  daidzein  genistein  procyanidin  selenomethionine  trans-resveratrol  trehalose  Figure 1.   The contained profiles of compounds within specific foods, with predicted effectiveness in targeting SARS-CoV-2-host interactom...

Figure 1.  Number of new infections (08/17/2021; Source: Nikkei Asia) Taiwan has seen extremely low cases and – more importantly – low death rates in the current COVID-19 pandemic .  On 11/07/2020, there is an article titled: [1] The Mystery Of Taiwan published on the ZeroHedge website.  Here is the question asked in that article: We are still left with a mystery. Taiwan did not lock down. It did not widely test. And yet it had the lowest death rate per million of any populous country in the world. It experienced 0.3 deaths per million and ranks 189th in the world . As much as public health authorities in the West want to consider policy as a decisive factor in the success or failure of pandemic response, the Taiwanese case might have nothing at all to do with the public policy response.   If public policy response is not the real explanation, then what is it?  Could it be pre-existing immunities? Figure 2. Taipei 101 (right) Pre-existing Immunity An arti...

Figure 1.  I-MASK+ (Prophylaxis & Early Outpatient Treatment Protocol for Covid-19) In Figure 1, it shows the  prophylaxis protocol  proposed by FLCCC Alliance. [1]  And, the below items on the proposed list: Vitamin D3 Vitamin C Quercetin Zinc Melatonin are added as immune boosters for fighting Covid-19 virus. In this article, we will discuss why Vitamin D3 could be a promising candidate for prevention and treatment of COVID-19. Vitamin D3 — A promising treatment option for COVID-19 Vitamin D is not actually a vitamin. By definition, a vitamin is a substance that is essential to human health but cannot be produced by the body. Vitamin D is essential to the metabolism of calcium and phosphorous in the body. However it is also produced by our bodies when we are exposed to UVB rays of the sun. Based on multiple recent studies, vitamin D3 is believed to be a promising candidate for prevention and treatment of Covid-19: [2] A French experimental study At a nursi...