From Bean to Leaf: Everyday Drinks with Hidden Kidney Benefits

Coffee and Kidneys: New Facts That Will Surprise You (YouTube link)

Dr. Sean Hashmi, a respected nephrologist and specialist in obesity medicine, revisits the science behind coffee and kidney health, expanding on the insights he first shared in his widely viewed 2020 video. 

Drawing from the latest research, he explains that moderate coffee consumption—about two to three cups a day—appears not only safe for most individuals, including those with kidney concerns, but may also offer protective benefits for kidney function. Still, he emphasizes the importance of balance: coffee should be enjoyed in moderation, with careful attention to how it affects blood pressure, sleep quality, and anxiety. His message is clear—while coffee can be part of a healthy lifestyle, it should never come at the expense of rest or overall well-being, and any changes to one’s routine should be discussed with a healthcare provider. 

Protective Sips: Coffee, Tea, and Matcha in Moderation

It’s no surprise that green tea and matcha, like coffee, can help protect kidney function. Yet their benefits come with nuances—certain cases require caution. In moderation, all three drinks show consistent protective effects thanks to their antioxidants: two to three cups daily for coffee or green tea, and one to two for matcha. The key is balance—stay hydrated, choose unsweetened versions, and seek a nephrologist’s guidance if you have kidney disease, stones, or take medications. Current evidence from large studies up to 2025 supports these findings.

Beverage	Protective Benefits	Warnings and Cautions
Coffee	- Moderate intake (2–3 cups/day) associated with 14–24% lower risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD), slower eGFR decline, reduced proteinuria, and lower CKD mortality.  - ~20% lower risk of acute kidney injury (AKI).  - Potential protection against kidney stones (via diuretic and antioxidant effects).  - Mechanisms: Antioxidants (chlorogenic acids, polyphenols), anti-fibrotic effects from caffeine, improved blood flow, insulin sensitivity.	- High doses may temporarily raise blood pressure (limit if uncontrolled hypertension).  - Caffeine can disrupt sleep.  - Avoid phosphate-rich additives (creamers, syrups).  - In late-stage CKD (stages 4–5), limit to ~1 cup/day and monitor potassium.  - Safe in moderation for most, including early CKD; decaf retains many benefits.
Green Tea	- Regular intake (2–4 cups/day) linked to lower CKD risk, higher eGFR, reduced albuminuria, and lower mortality in CKD patients.  - Lower risk of acute kidney injury and kidney stones (especially in men; catechins may inhibit stone formation).  - Strong antioxidant/anti-inflammatory effects from EGCG (reduces oxidative stress, fibrosis, inflammation in kidneys).  - Potential benefits in diabetic nephropathy and overall renoprotection.	- Contains oxalates; excessive intake may increase kidney stone risk in susceptible individuals (though moderate amounts often protective).  - Lower caffeine than coffee but avoid late-day if sleep-sensitive.  - In late-stage CKD, avoid high doses (potential worsening in severe cases).  - Unsweetened is best, monitor if on potassium restrictions.
Matcha	- Higher concentration of EGCG and antioxidants than regular green tea → potentially stronger protection against CKD progression, oxidative stress, inflammation, and diabetic kidney damage.  - May ameliorate renal/hepatic damage in models; supports overall kidney function via anti-fibrotic and antioxidant mechanisms.  - Similar stone protection as green tea (catechins may inhibit crystal formation).	- Higher oxalates than brewed green tea (due to consuming whole leaf) → greater potential risk for kidney stones if excessive (limit to 1–2 servings/day if prone).  - Avoid high doses in late-stage CKD or severe renal failure.  - Moderate caffeine; monitor potassium in advanced CKD.   - Moderation key (1–2 cups/day) for safety.

References

1. Kanbay M, et al. (2021). Effect of Coffee Consumption on Renal Outcome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Studies. J Ren Nutr. PMID: 32958376. (Meta-analysis: Coffee linked to lower incident CKD, ESKD, and albuminuria.)
2. Lew QJ, et al. (2020). Coffee Consumption is Associated with a Decreased Risk of Incident Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Cohort Studies. Eur J Intern Med. PMID: 32317238. (Decreased CKD risk with coffee.)
3. Kennedy OJ, et al. (2022). Coffee Consumption May Mitigate the Risk for Acute Kidney Injury: Results From the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Kidney Int Rep. PMID: 35812301. (Lower AKI risk with higher coffee intake.)
4. Yuan S, et al. (2021). Coffee and Caffeine Consumption and Risk of Kidney Stones: A Mendelian Randomization Study. Am J Kidney Dis. PMID: 34690004. (Causal reduction in kidney stones.)
5. Hu EA, et al. (2018). Coffee Consumption and Incident Kidney Disease: Results From the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Am J Kidney Dis. PMID: 29571833. (Lower incident CKD risk.)
6. Kanlaya R, Thongboonkerd V (2019). Protective Effects of Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate from Green Tea in Various Kidney Diseases. Adv Nutr. PMID: 30615092. (Review: EGCG protects against AKI, CKD, diabetic nephropathy, stones, fibrosis via antioxidation/anti-inflammation.)
7. Shu L, et al. (2019). Green Tea Intake and Risk of Incident Kidney Stones: Prospective Cohort Studies in Middle-Aged and Elderly Chinese Individuals. Int Urol Nephrol. PMID: 30408844. (Lower stone risk, stronger in men.)
8. Zhang Y, et al. (2023). Tea Consumption and New-Onset Acute Kidney Injury: The Effects of Milk or Sweeteners Addition and Caffeine/Coffee. Nutrients. PMID: 37432322. (Reversed J-shaped AKI risk; moderate tea protective.)
9. Borgesi J, et al. (2022). Causal Association Between Tea Consumption and Kidney Function: A Mendelian Randomization Study. Front Nutr. PMID: 35425787. (Causal lower CKD risk and higher eGFR.)
10. Yamabe N, et al. (2009). Matcha, a Powdered Green Tea, Ameliorates the Progression of Renal and Hepatic Damage in Type 2 Diabetic OLETF Rats. J Med Food. PMID: 19735169. (Matcha-specific: Reduces AGEs, oxidative stress in diabetic nephropathy model.)
11. Kanlaya R, et al. (2016). Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Attenuates CKD Progression via Anti-Apoptotic/Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms. (Related to EGCG review.)
12. Shehata et al. (2025). The Biological Effects of Matcha on Kidney Health. (Recent review emphasizing catechins' renoprotection.)

Synergistic Anticancer Efficacy of Garlic and Lemon Extracts in a Murine Breast Tumor Model

A fascinating study published in the Nutrition journal in 2017 explored how common kitchen ingredients might fight cancer. The researchers looked at how garlic and lemon extracts work together to target EMT6/P breast cancer cells. They tested this garlic + lemon combination in cell culture (in vitro) and in living mice with breast tumors (in vivo).

80% Tumor Elimination via Intragastric Extract Delivery

To ensure the treatments were delivered effectively without being affected by taste, the researchers utilized intragastric administration to deposit the substances directly into the stomachs of the subjects. The study used Balb/C mice inoculated with EMT6/P breast cancer cells, which were then divided into groups receiving garlic alone, lemon alone, or a combination of both.

Throughout the experiment, the team closely monitored changes in tumor size and survival rates. The results were striking: the combination treatment completely eliminated tumors in 80% of the mice. The researchers concluded that this natural duo succeeded by triggering apoptosis (cell death) and inhibiting angiogenesis, effectively cutting off the blood supply the tumors needed to grow.

Garlic + Lemon Combo

Garlic has long been valued as a natural defense against cancer and other illnesses. Studies show that people who eat more raw garlic face lower risks of stomach and lung cancers, while lab research reveals its ability to halt breast cancer cell growth and trigger immune and cell-death genes. These benefits come from its potent organosulfur compounds, like allicin and diallyl disulfide. Yet few consume it raw, deterred by its pungent taste, and cooking quickly destroys these protective molecules. Lemon, especially its peel, offers its own anticancer powers, with citrus intake linked to reduced stomach cancer risk.

How Allicin Is Formed?

1. Intact garlic clove → alliin (odorless) + alliinase enzyme are stored in separate compartments.
2. When you crush, chop, or blend the garlic, the compartments break → alliin contacts alliinase.
3. Alliinase instantly converts alliin into allicin only in the presence of oxygen (and water).

The exact reaction:

2 alliin + O₂ → 2 allicin + 2 pyruvate + 2 ammonia

Immunity boost: garlic + lemon elixir

Recommended Practical Recipe (Maximizes Allicin + Good Taste)

The promising results of the study naturally raise a compelling question. While rigorous human clinical trials are essential before the medical community can draw definitive conclusions, the two core ingredients are already staples of healthy daily consumption. Given their established nutritional benefits and the exciting findings in the mouse model, why not maximize your intake of these everyday foods—garlic and lemon?

To help integrate these powerful components, particularly to preserve allicin while ensuring good taste, the following recipe is recommended:

1. 3–5 cloves raw organic garlic → crush or finely chop → spread on a plate and let sit 15 minutes.
2. 1 whole organic lemon (washed, cut into pieces, including peel) + 200–300 ml water → blend.
3. Add the rested garlic to the blender → blend again 20–30 seconds.
4. Let the mixture sit another 2–3 minutes to cool.
5. Add 1–2 tablespoons raw honey (preferably manuka or a good local raw honey) → blend or stir briefly.

Optional: a pinch of black pepper or ginger improves absorption and taste even more.

🍄 The Silent Threat: Invasive Fungi

An overlooked pandemic of invasive fungal infections is already underway. Driven by the unintended collision of intensive agriculture and human medicine, this crisis is rapidly accelerating, and we are running out of tools to fight it.

🚨 Two Alarm Bells: The Rapid Fungal Acceleration

The fungal crisis is no longer a slow-motion threat. The following two outbreaks prove that invasive fungi are adapting and spreading at an unprecedented, alarming pace.

1. Candida auris: The Superbug That Grew Up Overnight

In 2009, Candida auris was an unknown curiosity found in one patient's ear in Japan. Then, in a medical mystery, genetically unrelated strains erupted simultaneously on three different continents between 2011 and 2016. It was as if the same deadly fungus had evolved independently around the globe at once.

This "superbug fungus" quickly became a hospital nightmare. By 2016, explosive outbreaks were overwhelming wards from India to Spain and across the United States. Candida auris resisted common disinfectants, colonized walls and equipment, and survived on surfaces for weeks. The mortality rate for bloodstream infections is high (30–60%), and many strains are resistant to all three major antifungal drug classes.

• The Shock: A brand-new pathogen went from "never seen before" to a multi-drug-resistant global threat in less than 15 years—a speed never before recorded in medical history.

2. Cryptococcus gattii: The Tropical Killer Goes Temperate

Before 1999, Cryptococcus gattii was a predictable fungus, confined to tropical climates and only dangerous to the severely immunocompromised.

That changed abruptly on Vancouver Island, Canada, a cool, temperate rainforest. In 1999, an explosive outbreak began where the fungus had no business existing. It had colonized native Douglas fir trees and released massive quantities of airborne spores.

The new, rapidly evolved strain killed over 200 people, including perfectly healthy outdoor workers and tourists—a complete break from its prior behavior. Dogs, cats, and even porpoises also fell victim. The fungus caused severe, difficult-to-treat pneumonia and meningitis.

The Shock: In less than a decade, this fungus evolved new abilities to survive in a cold climate and jump to healthy hosts. It was the first clear proof that environmental fungi can acquire devastating human pathogenic potential extremely quickly.

Invasive fungal infections - The new threat | DW Documentary (YouTube link)

The Silent Threat

A recent DW documentary, published on October 17, 2025, delivered a chilling warning: we are already in the midst of a silent pandemic of invasive fungal infections. This escalating crisis is the direct, tragic consequence of a collision course between intensive agriculture and human medicine. With the threat accelerating by the day, we are swiftly depleting our meager arsenal of effective drugs. The urgency of this overlooked disaster demands immediate public awareness, which can be summarized as follows:

The Crisis: A Vanishing Arsenal

• Adaptable Masters: Fungi are masters of adaptation and resistance, evolving quickly to evade our defenses.
• Limited Tools: We have only three main classes of antifungal drugs to treat human infections, and critically few new drugs are currently in the development pipeline.
• Burning Our Bridges: The overuse of azole fungicides in agriculture is the primary driver, effectively "burning through" our last effective weapons against fungal pathogens by selecting for cross-resistant strains.

The Threat: Uncontrollable Infections

Without immediate and drastic action, invasive fungal infections could become an uncontrollable public health threat, comparable in scope and danger to antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

A Path Forward: Three Pillars of Action

To avert this crisis, we must implement a three-pronged strategy:

1. Drastic Reduction of agricultural fungicides.
2. Smarter Farming Practices that limit pathogen exposure and resistance development.
3. Rapid Development of entirely new classes of antifungal drugs.